Noise health effects are both health and behavioural in nature[citation needed]. The unwanted sound is called noise. This unwanted sound can damage physiological and psychological health. Noise pollution can cause annoyance and aggression, hypertension, high stress levels, tinnitus, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other harmful effects. Furthermore, stress and hypertension are the leading causes to health problems, whereas tinnitus can lead to forgetfulness, severe depression and at times panic attacks.
Chronic exposure to noise may cause noise-induced hearing loss. Older males exposed to significant occupational noise demonstrate significantly reduced hearing sensitivity than their non-exposed peers, though differences in hearing sensitivity decrease with time and the two groups are indistinguishable by ageA comparison of Maaban tribesmen, who were insignificantly exposed to transportation or industrial noise, population showed that chronic exposure to moderately high levels of environmental noise contributes to hearing loss.
High noise levels can contribute to cardiovascular effects and exposure to moderately high levels during a single eight hour period causes a statistical rise in blood pressure of five to ten points and an increase in stress and vasoconstriction leading to the increased blood pressure noted above as well as to increased incidence of coronary artery disease.
Noise pollution is also a cause of annoyance.
Saturday, May 15, 2010
Health effects in relatively "clean" areas
Even in areas with relatively low levels of air pollution, public health effects can be large and costly. This is because effects can occur at very low levels and a large number of people can potentially breathe in such pollutants. Scientific study ozone concentrations will produce a $29 million in annual savings in the region in 2010This finding is based on health valuation of fatal mortality and sub-toxic effects.
Effects on children by air pollution
Cities around the world with high exposure to air pollutants have the possibility of children living within them to develop asthma, pneumonia and other lower respiratory infections as well as a low initial birth rate. Protective measures to ensure the youths' health are being taken in cities where buses now use compressed natural gas to help eliminate the “pea-soup” smog. Research by the World Health Organization shows there is the greatest concentration of particulate matter particles in countries with low economic world power and high poverty and population rates. Those pollutants included: ozone, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and lead. Because children are outdoors more and have higher minute ventilation they are more susceptible to the dangers of air pollution
Health effects
The World Health Organization states that 2.4 million people die each year from causes directly attributable to air pollution, with 1.5 million of these deaths attributable to indoor air pollution. Many people die from cardiopulmonary disease linked to breathing fine particle air pollution. . A study by the University of Birmingham has shown a strong correlation between pneumonia related deaths and air pollution from motor vehicles. Worldwide more deaths per year are linked to air pollution than to automobile accidents. Direct causes of air pollution related deaths include aggravated asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, lung and heart diseases, and respiratory allergies
The health effects caused by air pollutants may range from subtle biochemical and physiological changes to difficulty in breathing, wheezing, coughing and aggravation of existing respiratory and cardiac conditions. These effects can result in increased medication use, increased doctor or emergency room visits, more hospital admissions and premature death. The human health effects of poor air quality are far reaching, but principally affect the body's respiratory system and the cardiovascular system. Individual reactions to air pollutants depend on the type of pollutant a person is exposed to, the degree of exposure, the individual's health status and genetics.
The health effects caused by air pollutants may range from subtle biochemical and physiological changes to difficulty in breathing, wheezing, coughing and aggravation of existing respiratory and cardiac conditions. These effects can result in increased medication use, increased doctor or emergency room visits, more hospital admissions and premature death. The human health effects of poor air quality are far reaching, but principally affect the body's respiratory system and the cardiovascular system. Individual reactions to air pollutants depend on the type of pollutant a person is exposed to, the degree of exposure, the individual's health status and genetics.
cause of environmental degradation:
Population
Population is an import tent source of development, yet it is a major source of environmental degradation when it exceeds the threshold limits of the support systems. Unless the relationship between the multiplying population and the life support system can be stabilized, development programmers, howsoever, innovative are not likely to yield desired results. Population impacts on the environment primarily through the use of natural resources and production of wastes and is associated with environmental stresses like loss of biodiversity, air and water pollution and increased pressure on arable land. In view of the linkages
between population and environment, a vigorous drive for population control need hardly be over emphasized.
Poverty
Poverty is said to be both cause and effect of environmental degradation. The circular link between poverty and environment is an extremely complex phenomenon. Inequality may foster unsustainability because the poor, who rely on natural resources more than the rich, deplete natural resources faster as they
have no real prospects of gaining access to other types of resources. Moreover, degraded environment can accelerate the process of impoverishment, again because the poor depend directly on natural assets. An acceleration in poverty
alleviation is imperative to break this link between poverty and the environment.
Urbanization
Lack of opportunities for gainful employment in villages and the ecological
stresses is leading to an ever increasing movement of poor families to towns. Mega cities are emerging and urban slums are expanding. There has been an eightfold increase in urban population over 1901-1991. During the past two decades of 1971-91, India’s urban population has doubled from 109 million to 218 million and
is estimated to reach 300 million by 2000 AD. Such rapid and unplanned expansion of cities has resulted in degradation of urban environment. It has widened the gap between demand and supply of infrastructural services such as energy, housing, transport, communication, education, water supply and sewerage and recreational amenities, thus depleting the precious environmental resource
base of the cities. The result is the growing trend in deterioration of air and water quality, generation of wastes, the proliferation of slum
Economic Factors
To a large extent, environmental degradation is the result of market failure, that
is, the nonexistent or poorly functioning markets for environmental goods and services. In this
context, environmental degradation is a particular case of consumption or production externalities reflected by divergence between private and social costs (or benefits). Lack of
well defined property rights may be one of the reasons for such market failure. On the other
hand, Market distortions created by price controls and subsidies may aggravate the achievement of environmental objectives. The level and pattern of economic development also affect the nature of environmental problems. India’s development objectives have consistently emphasized the promotion of policies and programmers for economic growth and social welfare.
Population is an import tent source of development, yet it is a major source of environmental degradation when it exceeds the threshold limits of the support systems. Unless the relationship between the multiplying population and the life support system can be stabilized, development programmers, howsoever, innovative are not likely to yield desired results. Population impacts on the environment primarily through the use of natural resources and production of wastes and is associated with environmental stresses like loss of biodiversity, air and water pollution and increased pressure on arable land. In view of the linkages
between population and environment, a vigorous drive for population control need hardly be over emphasized.
Poverty
Poverty is said to be both cause and effect of environmental degradation. The circular link between poverty and environment is an extremely complex phenomenon. Inequality may foster unsustainability because the poor, who rely on natural resources more than the rich, deplete natural resources faster as they
have no real prospects of gaining access to other types of resources. Moreover, degraded environment can accelerate the process of impoverishment, again because the poor depend directly on natural assets. An acceleration in poverty
alleviation is imperative to break this link between poverty and the environment.
Urbanization
Lack of opportunities for gainful employment in villages and the ecological
stresses is leading to an ever increasing movement of poor families to towns. Mega cities are emerging and urban slums are expanding. There has been an eightfold increase in urban population over 1901-1991. During the past two decades of 1971-91, India’s urban population has doubled from 109 million to 218 million and
is estimated to reach 300 million by 2000 AD. Such rapid and unplanned expansion of cities has resulted in degradation of urban environment. It has widened the gap between demand and supply of infrastructural services such as energy, housing, transport, communication, education, water supply and sewerage and recreational amenities, thus depleting the precious environmental resource
base of the cities. The result is the growing trend in deterioration of air and water quality, generation of wastes, the proliferation of slum
Economic Factors
To a large extent, environmental degradation is the result of market failure, that
is, the nonexistent or poorly functioning markets for environmental goods and services. In this
context, environmental degradation is a particular case of consumption or production externalities reflected by divergence between private and social costs (or benefits). Lack of
well defined property rights may be one of the reasons for such market failure. On the other
hand, Market distortions created by price controls and subsidies may aggravate the achievement of environmental objectives. The level and pattern of economic development also affect the nature of environmental problems. India’s development objectives have consistently emphasized the promotion of policies and programmers for economic growth and social welfare.
Environmental degradation
Environmental degradation is a result of the dynamic inters play of socio-economic, institutional and technological activities. Environmental changes may be driven by many factors including economic growth, population growth , urbanization, intensification of agriculture, rising energy use and transportation. Poverty still remains a problem at the root of several environmental problems.
Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems and the extinction of wildlife. It is one of the ten threats officially cautioned by the High Level Threat Panel of the United Nations. Environmental degradation is of many types. When natural habitats are destroyed or natural resources are depleted, environment is degraded. If vast improvements are made in human health, millions of people will be living longer, healthier lives than ever before. In these poorest regions of the world an estimated one in five children will not live to see their fifth birthday, primarily because of environment-related diseases. Eleven million children die worldwide annually, equal to the combined populations of
Thursday, May 13, 2010
Important of pollution management
(a) Publicity of environmental education, technology and resources.
(b) Control of degradaing environment.
(c) Political and administrative co-operative for pollution control
(d) Environmental of observation and people’s awareness.
(e) Pollution can be controlled by keeping the waste products of house, shops, hotel and industries in the tank or drain.
(f)) Soil erosion, flood, landslides,etc. constribute to the loss of soil and vegetation, it decreasas the productivity of crops.
(g)) Gaseous emission from industries the organisms living around and pollute the surrounding environment. It creates problems to the people.
(h)) Everybody can play an important role in care the environment clean and healthy.
(b) Control of degradaing environment.
(c) Political and administrative co-operative for pollution control
(d) Environmental of observation and people’s awareness.
(e) Pollution can be controlled by keeping the waste products of house, shops, hotel and industries in the tank or drain.
(f)) Soil erosion, flood, landslides,etc. constribute to the loss of soil and vegetation, it decreasas the productivity of crops.
(g)) Gaseous emission from industries the organisms living around and pollute the surrounding environment. It creates problems to the people.
(h)) Everybody can play an important role in care the environment clean and healthy.
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